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Fiche technique PRISME. Réfrigération efficace.

PRISME data sheet. Efficient refrigeration.

• Author(s) : AHOUANNOU C.
• Publication date: 2021/12
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Household refrigerator, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo, Energy efficiency, Labelling, Benin, Case study, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Africa, Performance, Standard
• Formats : PDF

District cooling: a market poised for strong growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

• Author(s) : Frost & Sullivan
• Publication date: 2014/02/05
• Languages : English
• Source: www.climatecontrolme.com

Evaluating alternative refrigerants for high ambient temperature environments.

• Author(s) : ABDELAZIZ O., SHRESTHA S.
• Publication date: 2016
• Languages : English
• Source: IEA Heat Pump Centre Newsletter - vol. 34 - n. 1

IIR document

Reducing cold chain GHG emissions in Norwegian fish and meat industry sectors.

• Author(s) : DALSVÅG H., STRAND A. V., WIDELL K. N.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

World Energy Outlook 2021.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2021/10
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Inventario de refrigerantes en Europa desde 1990 hasta 2010: previsiones sobre bancos y emisiones desde 2006 hasta 2030 en la Unión europea.

1990 to 2010 refrigerant inventories for Europe: previsions on banks and emissions from 2006 to 2030 for the European Union.

• Author(s) : VOIGT A.
• Publication date: 2013/05
• Languages : Spanish
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 41 - n. 458
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Numerical simulation of phase separation in the second header of microchannel condenser.

• Author(s) : LI J., HRNJAK P.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Application of natural refrigerants in the industrial refrigeration and heat pumps in the future.

• Author(s) : PACHAI A. C., HAFNER A., CICONKOV R.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

A design tool for off-grid housing in Australia.

• Author(s) : REN Z., CHAN W., CHEN D., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/02
• Languages : English
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 17 - n. 1

IIR document

Environmentally safe and energy-efficient solutions.

• Author(s) : PACHAI A. C.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

District-level validation of a shoeboxing algorithm for Urban Building Energy Modeling.

• Author(s) : BATTINI F., PERNIGOTTO G., GASPARELLA A.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 7^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A large cold store in Belgrade, Serbia.

• Author(s) : PACHAI A. C., VUKOVIC Z., SRDIC N.
• Publication date: 2015/04/16
• Languages : English
• Source: 6^th Conference on Ammonia and CO2 Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, April 16-18, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Boiling and two-phase flow phenomena of refrigerant-based nanofluids: fundamentals, applications and challenges.

• Author(s) : CHENG L., LIU L.
• Publication date: 2013/03
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 36 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

Temperature control efficacy of retail refrigeration equipment.

• Author(s) : LUNDEN J., VANHANEN V., MYLLYMÄKI T., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 45

IIR document

High-temperature working fluids for heat pumps – A way to select the optimal fluid for a given application.

• Author(s) : PACHAI A. C., HAFNER A., ARPAGAUS C.
• Publication date: 2023/04/27
• Languages : English
• Source: 10^th IIR Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technologies.
• Formats : PDF

Montreal Protocol news

- Malaysia expects to phase-out HCFCs by 2030 "Malaysia is expected to completely phase out the consumption of HCFCs by 2030 as scheduled", Natural Resources and Environment Minister Datuk Douglas Uggah Embas said recently. He presented a...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

Kyoto Protocol: ratification status

The Kyoto Protocol aims to reduce greenhouse gas (including HFC) emissions in developed countries by at least 5% with respect to the 1990 levels, during the period 2008-2012. The Kyoto Protocol was open for signature as of March 16, 1998 and will...

• Publication date : 2004/07/27

The Montreal Protocol pays off

According to a recent UNEP report, the ozone layer is recovering. It could be restored to its initial state from 2040, except in Antarctica and the Arctic. 

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Environment

Ozone layer issues: Montreal Protocol

A recent policy article recommends "further adjustments to strengthen the Montreal Protocol and provide further insurance against the threat of abrupt climate change". According to the authors, "the Montreal Protocol's successful work to protect...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

The Pentagon activates solar air conditioning

The solar heating, air-conditioning, power and lighting system installed at the guard station of the Pentagon is one of the most advanced in the US. The system incorporates 12 advanced ways of using solar energy to reduce fossil and electrical...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

Montreal Protocol 25th Anniversary video competition

A global video competition for young people born in or after September 1987

• Publication date : 2012/08/23

The Kyoto Protocol will enter into force February 16, 2005

With Russia's official ratification of the Kyoto climate treaty on Thursday November 18, 2004, the Kyoto Protocol can, 7 years after its signature, enter in to force. The Russian permanent representative to the UN, Andrey Denisov, formally handed...

• Publication date : 2004/11/25

India submits amendment proposal to the Montreal Protocol proposing a phase-down of HFCs

India had for years opposed a phase-down of HFCs under the Montreal Protocol. India's amendment calls for a 15-year “grace period” for developing countries.

• Publication date : 2015/04/22
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Fast growing HFC levels could undermine climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol

A WMO-UNEP report stresses that climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol could be offset significantly by projected emissions of HFCs used to replace ozone depleting substances.

• Publication date : 2014/11/12
• Subjects: General information, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Contribution of the Montreal Protocol to declining greenhouse gases emissions from the United States

A study confirms the positive impact of the Montreal Protocol on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States.

• Publication date : 2017/12/16
• Subjects: Regulation

A decisive step taken by Russia for the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol

On September 30, 2004, the Russian government declared that it had approved the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol and that the bill was going to be submitted for agreement to the duma, the lower house of the Russian Parliament. This is a decisive...

• Publication date : 2004/10/18

Scientists recommend modifying the Montreal Protocol so that it covers the use of HFCs.

In a new paper published in Science, G. Velders et al. estimate that climate benefits resulting from the Montreal Protocol – which regulates ozone-depleting CFCs and HCFCs – will soon be counterbalanced by HFC emissions, which are currently...

• Publication date : 2012/07/16
• Subjects: General information, Environment

More than one billion people are at high risk due to a lack of access to cooling

The annual Chilling Prospects report estimates that 355 million people living in poor rural areas and 732 million people living in poor urban areas are at risk due to a lack of access to cooling worldwide....

• Publication date : 2021/05/31
• Subjects: Developing country

Road to COP28: Energy efficiency, the key to sustainable cooling in Africa

According to Francis Sempore, director of ECREEE, energy efficiency is a key sustainability issue that needs to be promoted, funded and supported through the implementation of...

• Publication date : 2023/09/25
• Subjects: Developing country

Kigali Amendment: summary of the countries that have ratified

42 countries have ratified the Kigali amendment to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2018/08/30
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

UNEP events: the Montreal Protocol

The Montreal Protocol: Celebrating 20 Years of Progress The Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer will celebrate the 20th Anniversary of the signature of this landmark international treaty, which is widely...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

New IIR logo and website: Take a look!

The IIR is pleased to announce the launch of its new brand identity and website.

• Publication date : 2020/03/03

The 30th Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Quito, Equador

The 30th Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol took place in Quito (Equador) on 5-9 November 2018. Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, made a statement.

• Publication date : 2018/11/22
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs

Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2015/04/29
• Subjects: Regulation

Energy efficiency on the agenda for discussion during Montreal Protocol meetings in Vienna

Focus on the fruitful workshop on "the energy efficiency opportunities while phasing down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)", which preceded the 40th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG40) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances...

• Publication date : 2018/08/08

Find out who are the top 10 most active countries on the IIR website!

Since its overhaul in 2020, traffic to the IIR website has doubled and it has seen a drastic increase in the number of visitors from least developed countries. Find out who have been the top 10 most active...

• Publication date : 2022/12/05
• Subjects: General information

Continued IIR commitment to reduce refrigerant emissions

This week at UNESCO headquarter in Paris, the IIR is attending the Joint 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention and the 26th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2014/11/19
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 31

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 31st Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-31) in Rome (November 4-8,...

• Publication date : 2020/04/03
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country, Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 28

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-28) in Kigali...

• Publication date : 2020/03/29
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country, Environment

News from IIR members: AFF

AFF, the French Refrigeration Association (Association Française du Froid) has launched a new logo and has revamped its Web site.

• Publication date : 2012/09/20

The IIR at 34th OEWG in Paris

This week the IIR attended the 34th Meeting of the Open-Ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2014/07/18

Call for abstracts now open for ICR 2019

From August 24-30, 2019, birthplace to the Montreal Protocol signed in 1987, Montreal (Canada),will host the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration – ICR 2019.

• Publication date : 2018/01/16

REAL Alternatives event during MOP32

A REAL Alternatives side meeting at the international MOP32 (Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol) was organised by the project partner ATF Italy on 25th November 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 35

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 35th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-35) in Nairobi, Kenya (octobre 23 –...

• Publication date : 2023/11/07

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 34

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 34th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-34) in Montréal, Canada (octobre 31 –...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information