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IIR document
How heat waves influence indoor temperature during summer in old renovated parisian buildings.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Summer performance comparison of transcritical R744 condensing units based on experimental data and several climates.
Field measurement and analysis on temperature fluctuation range of room with split air conditioners in summer.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
Experimental performance analysis of a direct-expansion solar-assisted heat pump water heater with R134a in summer.
Analysis of the arrangement and effects of air layer in external thermal insulation walls in hot summer and cold winter zone in China.
3D CFD Simulation of a New Ventilated Roof.
Study on Economic Dispatch of the Combined Cooling Heating and Power Microgrid Based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm.
El reto de mantener un ecosistema polar en Madrid.
The challenge of maintaining a polar ecosystem in the zoo of Madrid.
Ejector for the world: simplified ejector-supported CO2 refrigeration systems for all climates.
Cooling in Mediterranean hotels during summertime experience from the NEZEH (Nearly Zero Energy Hotels) project.
Analyses of heat pump performance under Jordan summer and winter conditions.
The effect of seasonal variation on thermal performance of horizontal slinky loop ground heat exchanger.
Experimental investigation on a compact fresh air humidification/dehumidification system based on desiccant coated heat pump.
Field study of thermal environment in residential buildings during summer in Kyoto, Japan.
Recommended by the IIR
Evaluation of Interaction Between Load of Refrigerated Display Cases and Air Conditioners in a Grocery Store Using CFD.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
178 results
R22 and R134a emissions double, even triple, in summer
In a recent article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, B. Xiang et al. present the results of in situ observations of R22 and R134a taken from research aircraft over the Pacific Ocean combined with long-term ground...
How to keep dairy cows cool in summer heat?
Remarkably, a Japanese underwear maker found an answer to this question.
Submersion cooling: a solution for the IT industry?
With the data centre industry growing by 12% annually, saving energy required for cooling is becoming a crucial issue and new options are being explored such as free-cooling, thermal energy storage or various means of liquid cooling, including...
China overtook the US to become the world's biggest energy consumer in 2010
A report recently released by BP said China overtook the United States to become the world's biggest energy consumer in 2010. BP, in its 60th annual Statistical Review of World Energy, said China accounted for 20.3% of demand, compared with...
Kigali Amendment: summary of the countries that have ratified
42 countries have ratified the Kigali amendment to the Montreal Protocol.
Summary of two papers of the 9th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants (ICCC2017)
The IIR 9th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants (ICCC2017), which took place in Bratislava, Slovakia, in September 2017, addressed advances in compressors but also refrigerating technologies and alternative refrigerants, as...
Summaries from two papers of the IIR co-sponsored International Conference on Compressors
Reduction of refrigeration compressors noise was an important topic addressed during the IIR-co-sponsored International Conference on Compressors (ICCR) in Xi’an, China.
Radiative cooling coatings that can adapt to the seasons
A novel material can be used as a coating on building’s rooftops or windows to provide radiative cooling in the summer without overcooling in the colder months.
District cooling: A market poised for strong growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
During summer, air conditioning accounts for about 70% of the total electricity consumption.
Record sales for air-conditioned clothes in Japan
In Japan this summer, sales of air-conditioned jackets reached peaks amid power shortages after the earthquake and tsunami.
IPCC forecasts boom for residential air conditioning
IPCC estimates that energy demand for residential air conditioning in summer is projected to increase over 13-fold between 2000 and 2050 and over 30-fold by 2100, under its reference climate change scenario.
Windcatchers: the birth of air conditioning and natural refrigeration?
Windcatchers, which can reduce indoor temperatures by around 10°C and store water at near-freezing temperatures during summer months, have been used over centuries in many regions around the world.
Propane, a promising alternative refrigerant in split systems
A study published over the summer shows that the use of propane in all split air conditioning systems could prevent a global temperature increase of 0.09°C by the end of the century.
Markets: Reduced cooling and heating might improve health
Results of a study performed by Berkeley Lab. - a US Department of Energy national laboratory - suggest that operating buildings in ways designed to save energy - with indoor temperatures slightly cooler in winter and warmer in summer - does more...
Green buildings
Moscow City Tower is to be Europe's tallest and the world's second tallest building. The 600-m naturally ventilated tower designed by Norman Foster will accommodate 25 000 people - a city unto itself - and the designer is aiming for LEED gold...
IIR news
17 results
HKA/OST Summer School: Looking for sponsors
Two partners of the SophiA project wil be organising an International Summer School on Sustainability at OST in Switzerland.
Summer 2021, past events: focus on the last events involving the IIR
Co-sponsored Conferences More than 80 papers available from the International Sorption Heat Pump Conference...
First European field study on food cold chain carried out by the Frisbee consortium
Four Frisbee project partners will conduct a major field study in four representative European countries this Summer
IIR International Conference Rankine 2020 - Register today!
Access the IIR International Conference Rankine 2020 – Advances in Cooling, Heating and Power Generation on demand this summer – view the sessions you want when you want.
Red Book on sale!
The Red Book (Recommendations for the Processing and Handling of Frozen Foods) is one of the IIR's reference publications and one of its best sellers. The 4th edition - prepared by Mr Leif Bøgh-Sørensen and several international experts - presents...
Conference update: Des Moines
During the conference the Working Party on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature of the International Institute of Refrigeration held one of its periodical meetings. All conference members were invited to participate and they where...
IIR Member news: Star Refrigeration installs ammonia chillers in an indoor skiing facility
After 90 years of existence, indoor skiing now uses modern and energy efficient technologies. Star Refrigeration participates in this evolution with its ammonia chillers.
Interview: Director General of the IIR gives an overview of the trends of the refrigeration sector
In the 2018-2019 international special issue of the Industria & Formazione magazine, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration, Didier Coulomb, gives an overview of the impact of the refrigeration sector on climate...
New in our Encyclopedia: cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry
This summary document presents the potential applications of liquid cryogens in the pharmaceutical sector.
New in our Encyclopedia. Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
This summary document presents the applications of cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry .
New IIR Informatory Note on “Qualification and Certification of Refrigeration Technicians”
The 28th IIR Informatory Note summarizes global, regional and national standards and regulations relative to the qualification and certification of refrigerating systems personnel.
An article from the IJR on the state of the art of CO2
An article published by NTNU and SINTEF in the International Journal of Refrigeration summarises several researches on current and future "CO2 only" solutions for supermarket applications.
New IIR Informatory Note on Air-source heat pumps for space heating and cooling
The IIR has issued a new Informatory Note on Air source heat pumps for space heating and cooling. A summary for policymakers and a Chinese version of this note have also been published.
Discover the 32nd IIR Informatory Note on the “Harmonization of Life Cycle Climate Performance Methodology”
This Informatory Note summarises the LCCP guidelines prepared by the Working Group. It provides recommended assumptions and data sources for different types of units, presents the various existing LCCP tools and outlines usages and limitations of...
New challenges in “Cold Applications in Life Sciences"
Following the 2nd IIR Workshop on "Cold Applications in Life Sciences", Ralf Herzog, President of IIR Section A, has summarized key information in this field, in a new thematic file that you can find on the IIR website.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
8 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
