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IIR document
Study on the vapor-liquid equilibrium of new HFOs binary mixed refrigerant {R1234ze(E)+R1336mzz(E)}.
Hazard evaluation of R32/R1234ze(E) cloud explosion.
Absorption behavior for R1234ze(E) and R1233zd(E) in [P66614][Cl] as working fluids in absorption refrigeration systems.
R1234ze(E) specialized refrigeration lubricant in HFO blend application.
Solid–liquid equilibria for the R32 + R1234ze(E) binary system.
Boiling heat transfer of a R32/R1234ze(E) mixture inside a microchannel.
Thermal conductivity measurements for trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) in liquid phase.
Effect of subsurface tunnel on the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer of R1234ze(E), R1233zd(E) and R134a.
Evaporation heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of R-446A, R1234ze(E), and r-1233ZD(E).
Flow visualization of R134a, R1234ze(E), and R1234yf in microchannel tube.
Prediction of vapor–liquid equilibrium for binary mixtures containing R1234yf or R1234ze (E).
Comparisons of different ionic liquids combined with trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) as absorption working fluids.
Optimal spool compressor aspect ratio for R134a and R1234z(E).
Impact of oil presence on the evaporator enthalpy working with R1234ze(E) and R1234yf.
Optimal volume ratio of two stage rotary compressor using R32/R1234ze(E) mixtures.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
36 results
Launch of the first R1234ze free-cooling chillers
The “first to market” TurboChill free cooling chillers using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant R1234ze are going to be launched.
HFO1234ze prototypes finally released
The prototype is said to be suitable for outdoor air-cooled chiller applications
HFO-1234ze news
On January 30, 2011, HFO-1234ze, was accepted for use in foam and aerosol applications by the US EPA. HFO-1234ze (GWP = 6) is already used in Europe and Japan in a variety of foam and aerosol applications.Klima-Therm and...
A low-GWP cooling system for the Eiffel Tower
The ageing R407C cooling system in the tower’s west pillar has been replaced with an energy efficient system using low GWP R1234ze(E).
IPCC confirms HFO GWPs are less than 1
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has confirmed that both R1234yf and R1234ze(E) have global warming potentials below that of carbon dioxide.
Some HFOs have lower GWPs than CO2
US EPA has evaluated new HFO refrigerants as having similar or lower global warming potential than CO2.
State of the art on the flammability of HFOs
An article recently published in the IJR reviews the flammability characteristics of 48 HFOs and blends for various experimental conditions.
Latest news on HFCs alternatives
R470A, R470B, R466: What applications and what features for these new non-flammable refrigerants?
IJR highlights: review of low-GWP alternative refrigerants
In a recent review article based on over 60 published studies and published in the International Journal of Refrigeration, Chinese researchers have compared nearly 40 alternative low-GWP refrigerants in terms of...
Commercial refrigeration: marketing of R471A, a new alternative to R404A
Honeywell recently announced the marketing of R471A, a non-flammable refrigerant with a GWP under 150. It is expected to replace R404A in medium temperature commercial refrigeration...
Latest regulatory news: REACH regulation, HFC tax in France and adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the United States.
Further postponement of the REACH regulation and the HFC tax in France. Adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the US.
REACH regulation: the restrictions proposed by five European states concern many alternative refrigerants
The European Chemicals Agency has been reviewing the proposed restrictions on PFAS, including some refrigerants, since February 7.
R1234yf as a working fluid in Organic Rankine Cycle systems
A recent review article presented the use of HFO R1234yf and its mixtures in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems, namely in applications for waste heat recovery from internal...
Low GWP blends for domestic air conditioning
A review article presents the latest research trends on low GWP refrigerants, mainly HFC/HFO blends, for domestic air conditioning.
Europe: the proposal to review the F-Gas Regulation has been published, and the proposal to ban PFAS has been delayed.
At the beginning of April, the European Commission published a proposal to update the F-Gas Regulation . In addition, the proposed PFAS ban has been delayed for six months.
IIR news
2 results
IIR member news: Star Refrigeration
After a year’s research project into low GWP cooling, Star Refrigeration proposes a new chiller using R1234ze.
The Mostra Convegno exhibition
In March 2018 the IIR participated in one of the biggest exhibitions on refrigeration technologies, Mostra Convegno, which took place, as always, in Milan.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
