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Duct leakage and leakage testing.

• Author(s) : WILLS I.
• Publication date: 2013/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Standardization, Energy consumption, Recommendation, Australia, Air, Duct, Testing, Leakage
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 12 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Détection de fuite : étude sur les moyens de détection de fuite des installations et de réfrigération de climatisation.

Leakage detection: investigation on means of leakage detection in refrigeration and air conditioning facilities.

• Author(s) : Armines, BARRAULT S., FAYOLLE F., PINEL K., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Expert system, Expérimentation, Detection, Leakage, Refrigerant

Strumenti per individuare le fughe di refrigerante.

Tools to individualize refrigerant leakages.

• Author(s) : FERRARIS R.
• Publication date: 2013
• Languages : Italian
• Keywords : Training, Equipment, Detection, Leakage, Refrigerant
• Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 37 - n. 367
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modeling of gas leakage through compressor valves.

• Author(s) : SILVA L. R., DESCHAMPS C. J.
• Publication date: 2015/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Gas, Valve (compressor), Modelling, Leakage, Compressor
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 53
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Refrigerant leakage in the refrigerated transport sector.

• Author(s) : CAVALIER G., DEVIN E., MICHINEAU T., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerated transport, R404A, Leakage, Refrigerant, Containment
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Empirical calculation method for bypass leakage in scroll compressors.

• Author(s) : ISHII N., TSUJI T., NONOGUCHI E., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Seal, Calculation, Pressure, Leakage, Scroll compressor
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 23^rd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Prediction of gas leakage through clearances in scroll compressors.

• Author(s) : PEREIRA E. L. L., DESCHAMPS C. J.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Gas, Correlation, Simulation, Leakage, Scroll compressor
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurement of R290 leakage with laser doppler anemometry.

• Author(s) : BRAUNGARDT S., SONNER C., OLTERSDORF T., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Anemometry, R290, Propane, Laser, Testing, Leakage
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A leakage model of postharvest storage facilities.

• Author(s) : BESSEMANS N., VERBOVEN P., DELELE M. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Gas, Controlled atmosphere, Simulation, Cold store, Flow, Leakage, Pressure drop
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Simulation of leakage of mildly flammable refrigerants.

• Author(s) : OKAMOTO H., HATTORI T., DANG C., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R1234yf, Air conditioner, R32, R1234ze, Simulation, Flammability, Leakage, Refrigerant, Diffusion
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration.

• Author(s) : FRANCIS C., MAIDMENT G., DAVIES G.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Refrigerating system, Supermarket, Survey, Leakage, Refrigerant, Containment
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 74
• Formats : PDF

CFD simulation of a twin screw expander including leakage flows.

• Author(s) : ANDRES R., HESSE J., BABIC H., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Screw, Simulation, Expander, Flow, Leakage
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 23^rd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Gas leakages measurement method on hermetic reciprocating compressor.

• Author(s) : KERPICCI H., SAHIN C., BACAK A.
• Publication date: 2022/07/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hermetic compressor, Reciprocating compressor, Leakage, Expérimentation, Standard, Lubricant, Calorimeter, Viscosity, Piston
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 26^th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Study of the leakage characteristics in the labyrinth reciprocating compressor.

• Author(s) : YANG H., ZHOU Q., WANG L., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/07/20
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Seal, CFD, Simulation, Optimization, Modelling, Leakage, Reciprocating compressor
• Source: 8th international conference on compressors and refrigeration, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A computationally efficient hybrid leakage model for positive displacement compressors and expanders.

• Author(s) : BELL I. H., GROLL E. A., BRAUN J. E., et al.
• Publication date: 2013/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Simulation, Model, Expander, Leakage, Refrigerant, Compressor
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 36 - n. 7
• Formats : PDF

Briefs: Japan: refrigerant leakage larger than expected

According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan, leakage of fluorinated refrigerants used in air-conditioning equipment in the country is on the average 10 times greater than estimated. METI collected...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

Propane air conditioners: improving leakage safety

The latest research and developments in leakage safety of R290 air conditioners are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR. 

• Publication date : 2023/02/20
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives

Heat pump refrigerant leakage investigation by the UK DECC

The UK Department of Energy and Climate Change in collaboration with Eunomia Research and Consulting Ltd and London South Bank University recently published data on refrigerant leakage from heat pump systems.

• Publication date : 2014/08/27

An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration.

A summary referring on an article recently published in the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR).

• Publication date : 2017/03/16

UK supermarkets commit to 80% refrigerant emission cut

At the beginning of 2014, the British Retail Consortium (BRC) set new targets on reducing emissions from refrigerant leakage by 80% - expressed in tones of CO2 equivalent - by 2020, relative to floor space.

• Publication date : 2014/05/19

China evaluates the real risks of hydrocarbons

According to JARN, China intends to switch half its production of split air conditioners to propane in order to meet the objectives of the HCFC Phase-Out Management Plan by 2015.This involved identifying potential leakage points and using...

• Publication date : 2012/09/30

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

Refrigerant leaks in supermarkets

Reminder of some figures on refrigerant leaks in supermarkets. Focus on the situation in the United States. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29

Secondary refrigerants strike back

With the F-gas Regulation's stringent demands on fluorinated refrigerant leakage control, the use of secondary refrigerants such as ethylene glycol is coming into vogue. Recently, when opening a new Mexican food factory, Discovery Foods, a British...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Europe: F-gases

A Common Position was formally adopted by the European Council on June 21 and published in the Official Journal of the European Union on July 26, 2005. The formal process for the 2nd Reading has begun. The Rapporteur, Avril Doyle, has produced her...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

New F-gases Regulation

Regulation (EC) No. 842/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) entered into force on July 4, 2006. It shall apply with effect from July 4, 2007 in the 25 European Member...

• Publication date : 2006/10/25

New F-gases Regulation: an ambitious

Regulation (EC) No. 842/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) entered into force on July 4, 2006. It shall apply with effect from July 4, 2007 in the 25 European Member...

• Publication date : 2006/11/14

Brief: ARI call for HFC regulations

The vice-president of engineering and research at the Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI), Mark Menzer, (also the US delegate to the IIR), stated during the ARI Spring meeting that ARI would like the US Environmental Protection...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Briefs: CO2 heat pumps for train AC

A paper presented at the 9th Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants by A. Haffner, O. Christensen and P. Nekså1 envisaged the opportunity to use R744 (CO2) as a refrigerant in air-conditioning (AC) systems in trains. They claimed that...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Mobile Air Conditioning: R&D is intensifying

The Mobile Air-Conditioning sector (MAC) is currently in the news. On January 31, 2006, the European Parliament and the Council reached agreement on a Directive (to be transposed at national level) "relating to emissions from air-conditioning...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

IIR member news: Cemafroid, IRSTEA and AFCE

A new study on the containment of refrigerants has been launched with the aim of identifying and promoting best practices in this regard.

• Publication date : 2015/10/07

New IIR Informatory Note on Containment of Refrigerants

Currently available for IIR members only, the 24th IIR Informatory Note “Containment of Refrigerants within Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems” is out.

• Publication date : 2014/01/21

Brief: UK Institute of Refrigeration

The UK Institute of Refrigeration (IOR) held in November its annual conference entitled "The future of cooling - opportunities and threats". Topics covered: LCCP in supermarket refrigeration systems; environmentally acceptable cooling; the EU's...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

International events: Birmingham

The IIR took part in yet another successful RAC Exhibition (6000 visitors and 186 exhibitors) in Birmingham in February 2009 thanks to the UK Institute of Refrigeration (IOR). Compliance with the F-gas Regulation was a key focus of the exhibition...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

ICR 2011 in Prague: a Resounding Success

The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration held in Prague, on August 21-26, 2011, was highly successful...

• Publication date : 2011/08/30

News from IIR members: Cetim

Environmental damage as a direct result of emissions and as an indirect result of energy consumption, both of which contribute to the greenhouse effect... Ozone depletion due to the effects of certain fluids... Fire and intoxication risks......

• Publication date : 2011/05/25

New IIR Informatory Note: Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration

Download your copy of the latest IIR Informatory Note on “Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration”

• Publication date : 2018/04/04

IIR Informatory Notes on refrigerants designed to meet the needs of decision-makers

"We felt it was important to draft a collection of Notes on the most appropriate actions to take in this field, designed to meet the needs of decision-makers in order to be better prepared for the upcoming deadlines."

• Publication date : 2016/03/15

Available - New IIR publication: Technological options for retail refrigeration

Written by several experts from the acclaimed London South Bank University (UK), the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to present the “Technological options for retail refrigeration”.

• Publication date : 2018/11/22

Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: Technology

Hot off the press: Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems

Be the first to read the newly published IIR Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems.

• Publication date : 2015/08/05

Review of F-gas regulation - IIR contribution

The IIR has responded to the European Commission consultation “Fluorinated greenhouse gases – review of EU rules (2015-20)” which aims to collect opinions and suggestions about the update of the F-gas Regulation...

• Publication date : 2020/09/06
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, HFCs alternatives

ENOUGH – a new project that will identify how food industry can become net zero by 2050

The project will develop technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU’s farm to fork Strategy to achieve climate neutrality in the food industry.

• Publication date : 2021/10/29

REAL Alternatives: blended Learning for Alternative Refrigerants

Last week the REAL Alternatives Europe programme partners met at IIR head offices to elaborate plans to translate the e-learning project into more languages.

• Publication date : 2015/06/23

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers