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Guide to natural refrigerants training in Europe 2017.

• Author(s) : Shecco
• Publication date: 2017
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Training, Natural refrigerant, Guide, Europe
• Formats : PDF

First CO2 ice rink in Europe: a huge success.

• Publication date: 2015/12/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, R744, Sweden, Skating rink, Europe, Case study, Refrigerant, CO2
• Source: www.R744.com

Solar thermal markets in Europe: trends and market statistics 2012.

• Publication date: 2013/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Renewable energy, Economy, Comparison, Statistics, Prediction, Europe, Solar energy

In Europe, there is a growing demand for cheaper air conditioners.

[In Russian. / En russe.]

• Author(s) : TOVARAS N. V.
• Publication date: 2013/02
• Languages : Russian
• Keywords : Air conditioner, Market, Europe, Air conditioning
• Source: Holodil'nyj Biznes - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

HFC taxation in Europe and beyond: leveling the playing field for natural refrigerants.

• Author(s) : MARATOU A., SKACANOVA K., CHASSEROT M.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R744, Ammonia, Hydrocarbon, HFC, Europe, Refrigerant, CO2
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Natural refrigerants: continued growth & innovation in Europe.

• Author(s) : MASSON N., JIA H., BURKEL S.
• Publication date: 2014/01/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Industrial application, Household application, Food application, Commercial application, Cold chain, Car, Transport, Supermarket, Substitute, Europe, Environment, Refrigerant, Air conditioning

Thermodynamic and environmental comparison of R744 booster supermarket refrigeration systems operating in southern Europe.

• Author(s) : GULLO P.
• Publication date: 2016
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Comparison, R744, Supermarket, Performance, Europe, Ejector, CO2, Hot climate
• Formats : PDF

Refrigeración fotovoltaica frente a refrigeración termo solar una comparativa para Europa.

Photovoltaic vs solar thermal cooling: a comparison for Europe.

• Author(s) : KOHLENBACH P., OSBORNE J., JAKOB U.
• Publication date: 2013/11
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Comparison, Cooling, Review, Photovoltaic plant, Europe, Solar energy, Energy saving, Solar cooling
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 41 - n. 463
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modelling of domestic refrigerators' energy consumption under real life conditions in Europe.

• Author(s) : GEPPERT J., STAMMINGER R.
• Publication date: 2013/04/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Household application, Energy consumption, Comparison, Household refrigerator, Modelling, Expérimentation, Europe, Home freezer
• Source: 2^nd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Paris, France, April 2-4, 2013.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Low-charge ammonia technology in North Ameriva, China, Japan and Europe.

• Author(s) : SKACANOVA K., HAMILTON D., DUSEK J.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, North america, Japan, Generality, China, R717, Ammonia, Industry, Low charge, Europe
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Development of low-temperature air-source heat pump technology in Europe.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : ZHANG X., ZHAO X., TAN J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/07
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Technology, Standardization, Low temperature, Air-source system, Heat pump, Europe, Development
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 45 - n. 305
• Formats : PDF

Suivi de température de la chaîne du froid alimentaire en Europe.

Food cold chain temperature follow-up in Europe.

• Author(s) : GOGOU E., DERENS E., ALVAREZ G., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/06
• Languages : French
• Keywords : France, Food, Cold chain, Transport, Temperature, Quality, Greece, Europe, Testing, Storage condition
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n. 1152
• Formats : PDF

Inventario de refrigerantes en Europa desde 1990 hasta 2010: previsiones sobre bancos y emisiones desde 2006 hasta 2030 en la Unión europea.

1990 to 2010 refrigerant inventories for Europe: previsions on banks and emissions from 2006 to 2030 for the European Union.

• Author(s) : VOIGT A.
• Publication date: 2013/05
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Europe, Survey, Leakage, Refrigerant
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 41 - n. 458
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Next generation natural refrigerant based industrial refrigeration technologies in north America, China, Japan and Europe.

• Author(s) : SKACANOVA K., MASSON N., DAVIDSON R.
• Publication date: 2016/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, North america, Natural refrigerant, Japan, Safety, China, R744, Europe, Transcritical cycle, Refrigerant charge
• Source: 12^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2016). Proceedings. Édimbourg, United Kingdom, August 21st-24th 2016.
• Formats : PDF

A comprehensive scouting of space cooling technologies in Europe: Key characteristics and development trends.

• Author(s) : ELNAGAR E., PEZZUTTO S., DUPLESSIS B., FONTENAILLE T., LEMORT V.
• Publication date: 2023/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Review, Thermoelectric cooling, Caloric cooling, Comparison, Evaporative system, Heat pump, Europe, Air conditioning, Residential sector, Split system, Chiller, Transcritical cycle, Maturity
• Source: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews - vol. 186
• Formats : PDF

Carrier acquires Europe's largest refrigeration company

On July 12, 2004, Carrier announced that the European Commission in Brussels has approved the company's intended acquisition of Linde Refrigeration, the European leader in commercial refrigeration and a division of Linde AG. Under the agreement,...

• Publication date : 2004/09/14

Transition from HFCs in Europe: European retailers are optimistic

A survey examines how European retailers are navigating away from HFCs towards lower global warming alternatives.

• Publication date : 2017/11/22
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Grimsby Ice Factory on Europe's "most at risk" list

The Grimsby Ice Factory in England has been marked as one of the seven most threatened heritage sites in Europe for 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

Reefer container throughput in main European ports.

In 2021, Europe’s leading ports were back to pre-pandemic levels of cargo and container throughput.

• Publication date : 2022/04/25
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Europe dominated the global frozen food market in 2020

2020 has seen record sales in the frozen food sector. According to Frozen Food Europe, Europe had the largest share of the global frozen food market in 2020. Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa are...

• Publication date : 2021/01/27

German ice-cream market most valuable in Europe

The German ice-cream market is the most valuable in Europe, worth 2.01 billion € in 2013.

• Publication date : 2014/09/28

The European Commission adopts a proposal for the Europan Union to ratify the Kigali amendment.

The European Commission encourages a swift implementation of the Kigali amendment.

• Publication date : 2017/02/06
• Subjects: Environment, Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Europe

As the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Recycling Directive is being transposed into national law across Europe, three organisations (European Committee of Household Appliance Manufacturers, European Electronics Recyclers...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

European heat pump market

In the European market, heat pump sales grew slightly by 3.49% in 2014, leading to a total of 796 746 units sold across Europe.

• Publication date : 2016/02/04
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Europe

The European Commission has issued regulations establishing standard requirements under the European "F-gas" Regulation No. 842/2006 which came to effect on July 4, 2007: - leakage checking (Art. 3.7) : Regulation No. 1516/2007 of December 19,...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

European heat pump market.

According to European Heat Pump Association (EHPA), European heat pump market grew for the third consecutive year in 2015.

• Publication date : 2017/03/03
• Subjects: Figures, economy

The food industry in Europe

The processed meat market in Western Europe is worth EUR 117.3 billion, some 10.6 % of the overall food and drink market of EUR 1111 billion.

• Publication date : 2016/01/21
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Europe

During the 2nd Reading by the European Parliament of the draft Regulation on F-gases (fluorinated gases), MEPs finally opted for containment measures and controls for leakage and rejected the proposals of the environment committee to impose...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

Europe hydrocarbon refrigerants market

Europe’s hydrocarbon refrigerants market was valued at USD 46.03 million in 2013 and is estimated to reach USD 62.43 million by 2019.

• Publication date : 2014/12/12
• Subjects: Figures, economy

European heat pump market

The European Heat Pump Association (EHPA) recently published its European Heat Pump Market and Statistics Report 2017.

• Publication date : 2018/02/22
• Subjects: Figures, economy

New European projects for the IIR

In line with its international activities, the IIR is going to take part in two European projects which have just been validated by the European Commission.

• Publication date : 2016/02/24

International events: European Central Asia

The European Central Asia network of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) held its 7th annual meeting in Tirana, Albania. It was focused on the phase-out of CFCs in Metered-Dose Inhalants (MDIs) and the replacement of HCFCs in foams and...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

IIR takes part in RACHP European Conference

The 20th European RACHP Conference of Centro Studi Galileo was held in Milan at the beginning of June. The IIR presented the women in cooling brochure and held a booth to promote the projects ENOUGH...

• Publication date : 2023/06/28

European Food Survey to decarbonise industrial operations

The ENOUGH project invites European food operators to complete a short survey on the advancements and potential for achieving the net-zero emissions target. 

• Publication date : 2023/01/26

The European Union project Cryohub in Beijing

The IIR organised a well-attended CryoHub workshop at the 5th International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain in Beijing on April 7th.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

The IIR announces role in European "REAL Alternatives" programme.

The International of Refrigeration is pleased to announce its role in a new European learning programme “REAL Alternatives” that will address skills shortages amongst technicians working in the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump sector.

• Publication date : 2013/12/01

The IIR supports innovative European research projects on refrigeration

In line with its international activities, the IIR is currently involved in two European research projects both focused on very distinct areas of refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2017/02/22

The IIR remains a key partner in European refrigeration projects

In line with its international activities, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is currently a partner of three European research projects focused on very distinct areas of refrigeration technology.

• Publication date : 2018/10/08

ATMOsphere Europe Summit 2021 to Address EU’s Phase Down of Super-Polluting Refrigerants

The replacement of HFCs with natural refrigerants is among the topics at the online event on September 28-29.

• Publication date : 2021/09/01

First European field study on food cold chain carried out by the Frisbee consortium

Four Frisbee project partners will conduct a major field study in four representative European countries this Summer

• Publication date : 2012/05/15

ATMO Europe Conference 2022 on Natural Refrigerants Releases Final Programme

The 12th edition of the event will take place in-person in Brussels (Belgium) on November 15–16.

• Publication date : 2022/11/10
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

EU project SuperSmart comes to a close: What have we learnt?

Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, the EU SuperSmart project was launched in February 2016 and recently came to an end. Want to know how to reduce energy consumption in the food retail sector?… SuperSmart...

• Publication date : 2019/02/25

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

The IIR at the refrigeration forefront of EU projects

Generally involved in the dissemination process, the IIR makes use of its network, activities and services to promote worldwide the research outcomes of the EU projects.

• Publication date : 2015/03/03

The third and final ELICiT project newsletter is out!

Funded by Framework Programme 7 (FP7), the 3-years project began in January 2014 and will end in December 2016. It’s main objective is to further collaboration between SMEs, global appliance manufacturers; and to draw on the expertise found in...

• Publication date : 2016/12/21

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers